Xov xwm

Kev vam meej ntawm daim ntawv lo rau hauv tsev uas muaj daim ntawv lo rau tus kheej nyob ntawm seb cov kev txiav txim siab ua nyob deb ntawm lub txee muag khoom. Rau cov hom lag luam sib tw txog qhov mos, kev nqus tau, thiab kev sib xws,cov ntoo pulp niam txiv yobmuab daim ntawv hauv paus uas txiav txim siab seb cov ntaub so ntswg ntsej muag, phuam so tes, ntawv so quav, lossis phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj yuav xav li cas thiab ua haujlwm tom qab hloov pauv. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tsis yog hais txog qhov zoo ntawm cov fiber xwb; nws kuj suav nrog GSM, cov qauv ply, qhov ntev ntawm cov yob, qhov loj ntawm lub plawv, lub zog tensile, kev tswj dej noo, thiab kev ntim khoom. Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia txog cov kev xaiv kho kom haum rau cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum ntsuas kom lawv cov niam txiv yob phim ob qho tib si kev tso khoom thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv.

Cov kev xaiv kho kom haum rau cov ntoo pulp niam txiv yob

Kev tsim kom muaj lub npe lag luam ntaub so ntswg uas muaj npe nrov pib ua ntej cov khoom mus txog cov txee loj. Kev ua tiav qhov kev xav zoo tshaj plaws nyob ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, thiab rau cov hom lag luam uas tsom mus rau kev lag luam nruab nrab mus rau qib siab,ib lub yob niam txiv ntoo tshiabua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus pib.

Cov ntawv loj loj no ua haujlwm ua daim ntaub dawb paug rau cov neeg hloov khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Los ntawm kev teev cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv - xws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov fiber, qhov hnyav ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab qhov loj - cov tswv ntawm daim ntawv lo ntiag tug tuaj yeem tsim cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb rau kev siv kawg, xws li kev xav ntawm tes zoo nkauj ntawm ib qhocov ntaub so ntswg zoo tshaj plawslossis cov kua dej sai sai ntawm cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj. Tshaj li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov fiber, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum txhais cov qauv ntawm lub cev kom phim lawv cov khoom siv hloov pauv.Qhov dav ntawm dovthiabTxoj kab uas hla sab nraud (OD)hais kom lub yob haum rau ntawm lub rooj sawv ntsug li cas, thaum lublub plawv txoj kab uas hlayuav tsum phim lub tshuab chucks kom tiv thaiv kev plam.Qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv(cov meters linear ib yob) cuam tshuam rau qhov zaus hloov pauv, thiab qhia meejntim khoom uas tsis ntub dej—xws li zaj duab xis ncab ntau txheej—tiv thaiv daim ntawv hygroscopic los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov av noo thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab khaws cia.

Qhov hnyav ntawm lub hauv paus, cov qauv ply, thiab qhov mos

Ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev hloov kho yog qhov hnyav ntawm daim ntaub, ntsuas hauv grams ib square meter (GSM). Ua piv txwv, cov chaw tsim khoom feem ntau teev qhov hnyav ntawm daim ntaub rau lub ntsej muag kom sib dua li ntawm 12 txog 15 GSM ib txheej kom paub tseeb tias kov tau zoo. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj uas ua haujlwm hnyav feem ntau xav tau 20 txog 25 GSM ib txheej kom siv tau ntub yam tsis lwj.

Tshaj li qhov hnyav raw, cov qauv ply hloov cov khoom profile. Tus qauv 2-ply feem ntau haum rau cov npe khoom muaj nqis txhua hnub, thaum hloov kho mus rau 3-ply lossis 4-ply qauv ntxiv qhov loj thiab mos. Thaum ua ke nrog cov fibers zoo nkauj, cov teeb tsa ntau-ply no muab kev nplij siab zoo dua thaum tswj hwm lub zog tensile yooj yim uas xav tau rau kev tsim khoom downstream.

Kev xaiv embossing, luam ntawv, thiab lamination

Kev zoo nkauj thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv feem ntau yog los ntawm kev embossing, luam ntawv, thiab lamination. Cov no yog cov txheej txheem hloov pauv downstream es tsis yog kev hloov kho niam txiv-yob, tab sis lawv hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom nruj rau daim ntawv hauv paus. Embossing ua haujlwm tsim cov qhov me me ntawm huab cua ntawm cov plies, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua nqus tau zoo nyob ntawm tus qauv. Txhawm rau txhawb qhov no yam tsis muaj kev rhuav, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum nrhiav daim ntawv hauv paus - xws li daim duab nontoo pulp niam txiv yob—tsim los nrog lub zog tensile qhuav thiab lub peev xwm ncab sib xws.

Kev luam ntawv xav tau daim ntawv hauv qab uas muaj qhov chaw du thiab tsawg kawg yog cov linting kom ntseeg tau tias cov kua mem hloov pauv zoo thiab tiv thaiv cov taub hau luam ntawv txhaws. Lamination, uas siv cov nplaum uas yaj tau hauv dej los khi cov plies, xav tau qhov caliper (tuab) sib xws thiab cov dej noo sib xws thoob plaws lub vev xaib. Qhov no txo ​​qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov ply uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum rub cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm lub tshuab faib khoom, tso cai rau cov tswv daim ntawv lo ntiag tug los tsim cov khoom lag luam uas paub tseeb thiab ruaj khov.

Cov ntawv yob niam txiv ntoo pulp qub piv rau lwm txoj hauv kev

Thaum nrhiav cov ntawv ua los ntawm cov ntoo, feem ntau cov neeg yuav khoom xaiv ntawm 100% cov ntoo qhuav, cov ntoo rov ua dua tshiab, lossis sib xyaw ua ke. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab nyiam cov neeg uas xav txog ib puag ncig, cov ntoo qhuav tseem yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab khoom zoo. Cov neeg yuav khoom kuj yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm sib xyaw ua ke - uas ua lawv cov ntoo hauv qhov chaw kom sib xws tshaj plaws - thiab cov uas vam khom cov ntoo hauv khw lossis cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, vim tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tus nqi, kev sib xws ntawm ib pawg mus rau ib pawg, thiab kev thov kom muaj ib puag ncig.

Thaum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov levers kho kom haum, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum taug kev ntau qhov kev pauv pauv tseem ceeb:

• Qhov mos thiab lub zog:Cov xov paj tshiab uas tau ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ua rau qhov mos mos tab sis tuaj yeem txo qhov muaj zog tensile, xav tau kev sib npaug zoo rau cov khoom hnyav.
• Kev ruaj khov piv rau kev ua tau zoo:Thaum cov pulp rov ua dua tshiab muaj qhov chaw zoo rau ib puag ncig, cov pulp tshiab muab qhov ci ntsa iab, mos muag, thiab khiav ceev.
• Tus nqi piv rau qhov sib xws:Cov chaw ua khoom sib xyaw ua ke muab kev sib xws ntau dua ntawm ib pawg mus rau ib pawg tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj cov xaj tsawg kawg nkaus (MOQs) thiab cov nqi ntau dua piv rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua lag luam.

Yuav kom txuas qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ruaj khov, ntau tus neeg yuav khoom xaiv cov ntawv pov thawj tshiab los ntawm cov koom haum xws li FSC lossis PEFC. Lub tswv yim ruaj khov tseem xav txog qhov chaw ntawm lub Hoobkas, kev siv dej, thiab kev muaj cov tshuaj dawb uas tsis muaj chlorine (TCF) lossis cov tshuaj dawb uas tsis muaj chlorine (ECF).

Kev huv, kev nplij siab, thiab kev ua tau zoo sib txawv

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv qub thiab cov ntawv rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov huv, ci ntsa iab, thiab cov qauv. Cov ntawv rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum tau siv cov txheej txheem repulpulping thiab de-inking ntau heev, uas ua rau cov ntawv fiber luv dua. Cov fiber luv feem ntau ua rau cov qauv ntxhib dua thiab lub zog tensile qis dua. Cov ntawv ntoo qub, los ntawm kev sib piv, siv cov fiber ntev dua, cov fibers uas sib xyaw ua ke los tsim kom muaj kev xav du.

Cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo kuj qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Cov ntawv yob zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau ua tiav qib ISO ci ntsa iab siab, muab qhov zoo nkauj, dawb. Ntxiv mus, lub zog tensile qhuav zoo dua ntawm cov ntawv yob tshiab tso cai rau lawv kom tiv taus qhov kev thov hnyav ntawm cov kab hloov pauv ceev nrog tsawg dua qhov web breaks.

Cov ntawv thov rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsej muag, cov ntaub so hauv chav dej, cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj

Vim tias cov ntoo pulp muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov mos thiab lub zog, nws hloov kho rau ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Txhawm rau nkag siab tias cov khoom siv hauv paus zoo li cas pab tau rau ntau yam kev siv kawg, cov neeg hloov khoom saib ze rau cov ntsuas ntsuas rau txhua daim ntawv thov. Qhov hnyav thiab cov khoom hauv qab no ua haujlwm ua piv txwv sawv cev es tsis yog cov hom phiaj ruaj khov, vim tias cov qauv hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khw muag khoom sib txawv heev.

Ua ib qho piv txwv, thaum tsim cov khoomcov khoom siv hauv chav dej, kev muab cov khoom zoo tshaj plawsdaim ntaub so quav niam txiv yobua kom cov khoom kawg muaj zog txaus rau kev siv tab sis tawg sai hauv cov kav dej.

Cov txheej txheem nrhiav khoom, kev sim, thiab kev pom zoo

Kev nrhiav tus neeg muag khoom zoo rau cov ntawv yob ntoo tshiab yuav tsum muaj txoj hauv kev uas muaj qauv zoo. Cov tswv daim ntawv lo ntiag tug thiab cov neeg hloov cov ntaub so ntswg tsis tuaj yeem cia siab rau daim ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb xwb; lawv xav tau cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj xyuas zoo kom paub tseeb tias daim ntawv ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov kab hloov pauv ceev ceev thiab ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov qauv thiab cov kauj ruam kuaj hauv chaw kuaj mob

Thaum tus neeg muag khoom muab cov qauv ntoo pulp niam txiv yob, cov neeg hloov pauv yuav tsum khiav nws los ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob hauv chaw kuaj mob. Kev vam khom rau cov qauv kuaj mob uas tau tsim tsa, xws liISO 12625 series rau daim ntawv so ntswg, cov pab pawg tswj xyuas zoo feem ntau ntsuas ntau yam tseem ceeb ua ntej kev pom zoo:

• Qhov Hnyav thiab Caliper:Xyuas kom meej tias cov tuab sib npaug, qhov loj, thiab kev tsim khoom sib xws rau kev hloov pauv txhim khu kev qha.
• Lub zog tensile:Sim ob qho tib si kev taw qhia ntawm lub tshuab (MD) thiab kev taw qhia hla (CD) kom tiv thaiv kev rhuav thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ceev ceev ntau txheej lamination lossis kev cai embossing.
• Kev nqus thiab Softness:Ntsuas kev khaws dej thiab kev xav tactile, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb raucov ntaub so ntswg ntsej muag zoo tshaj plawsthiab daim ntaub so ntswg.
• Kev ntshiab thiab ci ntsa iab:Paub tseeb tias cov fiber ntau 100% ua tau raws li cov qauv kev huv huv thiab tsis muaj cov khoom tsis huv uas tsis xav tau.

Kev txiav txim siab rau lub hom phiaj ua lag luam thiab tus nqi

Tom qab sim tas, cov pab pawg yuav khoom yuav tsum ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuab piv rau lawv cov peev nyiaj thiab qhov chaw ua lag luam. Cov ntawv yob niam txiv ntoo tshiab muaj tus nqi siab dua li cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, yog li kev sib phim cov khoom siv raw nrog cov tswv yim muag khoom kawg yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm chav kuaj rau hauv cov qauv kev txiav txim siab no, cov khoom lag luam tu cev tuaj yeem pom zoo rau daim ntawv pov thawj niam txiv uas tiv thaiv lawv cov nyiaj tau los thaum muab kev nplij siab thiab lub zog zoo tshaj plaws uas lawv cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.

Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb

• Qhia qhov dav ntawm yob, txoj kab uas hla sab nraud, txoj kab uas hla lub plawv, thiab cov ntsuas kab ib yob ua ntej tsim khoom kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv thiab lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm ntau dhau.
• Siv 12–15 GSM ib txheej rau cov ntaub so ntswg mos mos thiab 20–25 GSM ib txheej rau cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj uas muaj zog dua uas tsim los rau kev siv ntub.
• Xaiv cov qauv 3-ply lossis 4-ply thaum tsom mus rau cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb uas xav tau qhov mos mos dua, loj dua, thiab pom tau tus nqi.
• Sib phim lub zog tensile ntawm cov ntawv niam txiv, qhov du ntawm qhov chaw, caliper, thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov dej noo kom haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm embossing, luam ntawv, lossis lamination.
• Thov kom muaj cov ntawv ntim khoom uas tsis ntub dej rau cov ntawv yob ntoo uas tseem tsis tau ua los ntawm ntoo kom txo tau kev puas tsuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog dej noo thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab khaws cia rau hauv tsev rau khoom.

Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau

Vim li cas ho xaiv cov ntoo pulp niam txiv yob rau cov khoom siv ntaub so ntswg ntiag tug?

Cov ntawv yob niam txiv ntoo uas yog ntoo tiag tiag muaj qhov mos mos, lub zog, kev huv, thiab kev nqus tau zoo, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntsej muag nruab nrab mus rau qib siab, phuam so tes, ntaub so quav, thiab cov khoom siv phuam hauv chav ua noj.

GSM twg yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj?

Cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsej muag feem ntau siv 12–15 GSM ib txheej rau qhov mos, thaum cov phuam da dej hauv chav ua noj feem ntau xav tau 20–25 GSM ib txheej kom txhim kho lub zog ntub thiab nqus dej.

Cov lus qhia twg yuav tsum tau cov neeg yuav khoom lees paub ua ntej kev txiav txim?

Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum paub meej tias qhov dav ntawm yob, txoj kab uas hla sab nraud, txoj kab uas hla lub plawv, cov ntsuas kab ib yob, qhov hnyav ntawm lub hauv paus, kev tsim qauv ply, thiab cov kev cai ntim khoom kom ntseeg tau tias sib xws nrog cov khoom siv hloov pauv.

Cov qauv ply cuam tshuam li cas rau cov khoom tiav lawm?

Ib daim ntaub 2-txheej txhawb nqa cov khoom muaj nqis txhua hnub, thaum cov kev xaiv 3-txheej lossis 4-txheej ntxiv qhov loj, mos, thiab qhov kov zoo dua thaum ua ke nrog cov xov paj zoo.

Puas yog embossing thiab luam ntawv cuam tshuam rau cov kev cai ntawm cov niam txiv?

Yog. Kev luam ntawv xav tau daim ntawv ruaj khov thiab ncab sib npaug, thaum luam ntawv xav tau daim ntawv du thiab tsis muaj plaub ntau kom yooj yim hloov xim thiab muaj teeb meem tsawg dua.