Lub vev xaib IEEE tso cov ncuav qab zib rau ntawm koj lub cuab yeej txhawm rau muab koj cov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv.Los ntawm kev siv peb lub vev xaib, koj pom zoo rau qhov tso cov ncuav qab zib no.Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov nyeem peb Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntiag Tug.
Cov kws tshaj lij hauv RF dosimetry dissect qhov mob ntawm 5G - thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov raug thiab koob tshuaj
Kenneth R. Foster muaj ntau xyoo dhau los ntawm kev kawm txog xov tooj cua zaus (RF) hluav taws xob thiab nws cov teebmeem ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg.Tam sim no, nws tau koom ua ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas tshiab ntawm cov ncauj lus nrog ob tus kws tshawb fawb, Marvin Ziskin thiab Quirino Balzano.Collectively, peb ntawm lawv (tag nrho cov tenured IEEE cov phooj ywg) muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas xyoo ntawm kev kawm.
Daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas, luam tawm nyob rau hauv International Journal of Environmental Research thiab Public Health nyob rau lub Ob Hlis, saib yav dhau los 75 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau RF raug kev ntsuam xyuas thiab dosimetry.Nyob rau hauv nws, cov co-sau piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas deb ntawm teb tau nce thiab vim li cas lawv xav tias nws yog ib tug scientific zoo zaj dab neeg.
IEEE Spectrum tau hais los ntawm email nrog University of Pennsylvania tus kws tshaj lij emeritus Foster.Peb xav kawm ntxiv txog vim li cas RF raug kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav, dab tsi ua rau RF dosimetry nyuaj heev, thiab vim li cas pej xeem kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab hluav taws xob wireless tsis zoo li ploj mus.
Rau cov neeg tsis paub txog qhov sib txawv, qhov txawv ntawm qhov raug thiab koob tshuaj yog dab tsi?
Kenneth Foster: Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm RF kev nyab xeeb, raug xa mus rau thaj chaw sab nraud ntawm lub cev, thiab koob tshuaj yog hais txog lub zog nqus hauv lub cev nqaij daim tawv.Ob qho tseem ceeb rau ntau daim ntawv thov - piv txwv li, kev kho mob, kev noj qab haus huv, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
"Rau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog cov teebmeem lom ntawm 5G, saib [Ken] Karipidis 'kab lus, uas pom 'tsis muaj pov thawj tseeb tias qib qis RF teb saum 6 GHz, xws li cov siv los ntawm 5G tes hauj lwm, muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.' "" -- Kenneth R. Foster, University of Pennsylvania
Foster: Kev ntsuas RF teb hauv qhov chaw dawb tsis yog qhov teeb meem.Qhov teeb meem tiag tiag uas tshwm sim hauv qee kis yog qhov sib txawv ntawm RF exposure.Piv txwv li, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tab tom tshawb xyuas RF teb cov theem hauv ib puag ncig los daws cov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem.Xav txog ntau qhov chaw RF hauv ib puag ncig thiab kev tawg sai ntawm RF teb los ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, RFAcure tsis yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm. yog qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag, tsawg kawg rau ob peb tus kws tshawb fawb uas sim ua li ntawd.
Thaum koj thiab koj tus kws sau ntawv sau koj li IJERPH tsab xov xwm, yog koj lub hom phiaj los taw qhia txog kev ua tiav thiab cov teeb meem dosimetric ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev raug mob?Foster: Peb lub hom phiaj yog taw qhia rau qhov kev vam meej zoo tshaj plaws uas kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb tau ua rau ntau xyoo, uas tau ntxiv ntau qhov meej rau kev kawm txog kev lom neeg ntawm cov xov tooj cua zaus tsav tsheb.
Cov cuab yeej siv hauv cov cheeb tsam no tau txhim kho ntau npaum li cas?Koj puas tuaj yeem qhia kuv tias cov cuab yeej twg muaj rau koj thaum pib koj txoj haujlwm, piv txwv li, piv rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no? Cov cuab yeej kho tau zoo li cas pab txhawb kev ua tiav ntawm kev ntsuas raug?
Foster: Cov cuab yeej siv los ntsuas RF teb hauv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev tshawb fawb kev nyab xeeb tau me dua thiab muaj zog dua.Leej twg xav tau ob peb lub xyoo dhau los tias cov cuab yeej lag luam yuav ua kom muaj zog txaus kom raug coj mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm, muaj peev xwm ntsuas RF thaj chaw muaj zog txaus los ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev ua haujlwm, tsis tau rhiab txaus los ntsuas qhov chaw tsis muaj zog los ntawm kev txiav txim siab nyob deb ntawm lub sijhawm ua ntej, kev txiav txim siab tib lub sijhawm ntawm centnas. txheeb xyuas nws qhov chaw?
Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim thaum wireless technology txav mus rau hauv cov zaus tshiab - piv txwv li, millimeter thiab terahertz nthwv dej rau cellular, los yog 6 GHz rau Wi-Fi?
Foster: Ib zaug ntxiv, qhov teeb meem yuav tsum ua nrog qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim, tsis yog qhov ntsuas.Piv txwv li, high-band 5G cellular base stations emit ntau kab teeb uas txav mus los ntawm qhov chaw.Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg nyob ze ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes kom paub tseeb tias qhov kis tau zoo (raws li lawv yuav luag txhua zaus).
"Kuv tus kheej muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau dua txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub sijhawm tshuaj ntsuam ntau dhau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm menyuam yaus thiab teeb meem ntiag tug." - Kenneth R. Foster, University of Pennsylvania
Yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas raug yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, dab tsi ua rau qhov dhia hauv qhov tseeb dosimetry nyuaj?Dab tsi ua rau thawj qhov yooj yim dua li qhov kawg?
Foster: Dosimetry yog qhov nyuaj dua li qhov kev ntsuam xyuas raug.Koj feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ntxig ib qho RF sojntsuam rau hauv ib tus neeg lub cev.Muaj ntau yam laj thawj uas koj yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv no, xws li hauv kev kho mob hyperthermia rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, qhov twg cov ntaub so ntswg yuav tsum tau rhuab mus rau qhov tseeb theem.Heat tsawg heev thiab tsis muaj cov txiaj ntsig kho, ntau dhau thiab koj yuav hlawv tus neeg mob.
Koj puas tuaj yeem qhia kuv ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas dosimetry ua tiav niaj hnub no?Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem ntxig qhov kev sojntsuam rau hauv ib tus neeg lub cev, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tom ntej yog dab tsi?
Foster: Nws yog OK siv cov laus-fashioned RF meters los ntsuas cov teb hauv huab cua rau ntau lub hom phiaj.Qhov no yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb, qhov uas koj yuav tsum ntsuas cov xov tooj cua zaus uas tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm lub cev.Rau qhov chaw kho mob hyperthermia, koj tseem yuav tau siv hlua cov neeg mob nrog thermal probes, tab sis suav nrog kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua. tau ua rau muaj kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis.Rau kev tshawb fawb txog RF biological teebmeem (piv txwv li, siv cov kav hlau txais xov tso rau ntawm cov tsiaj), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub ntau npaum li cas RF lub zog absorbed hauv lub cev thiab nws mus qhov twg.Koj tsis tuaj yeem yoj koj lub xov tooj rau pem hauv ntej ntawm tus tsiaj raws li qhov tshwm sim (tab sis qee cov neeg tshawb nrhiav ua).Rau qee qhov kev tshawb fawb loj, xws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm National Toxicology tsis ntev los no, qhov kev kawm ntawm RF tiag tiag tsis muaj qhov kev kawm. lwm txoj hauv kev suav dosimetry.
Vim li cas koj xav tias muaj ntau yam kev txhawj xeeb tsis tu ncua txog hluav taws xob wireless uas tib neeg ntsuas qib hauv tsev?
Foster: Risk perception yog ib tug complex ua lag ua luam.Cov yam ntxwv ntawm xov tooj cua hluav taws xob feem ntau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb.Koj tsis tuaj yeem pom nws, tsis muaj qhov sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm qhov raug thiab ntau yam cuam tshuam uas qee cov neeg txhawj xeeb, tib neeg nyiam tsis meej pem hauv xov tooj cua zaus zog (tsis yog-ionizing, txhais tau tias nws cov photons tsis muaj zog heev los ua txhaum cov tshuaj lom neeg) nrog ionizing X-rays, thiab lwm yam). Txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom pom qhov rhiab heev hauv qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab tswj cov kev tshawb fawb.Qee cov neeg xav tias muaj kev hem thawj los ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov tooj cua siv rau kev sib txuas lus wireless.Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb muaj ntau cov ntawv ceeb toom txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov sib txawv los ntawm qhov uas ib tus tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ib zaj dab neeg txaus ntshai. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias muaj ntau qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv (tab sis lawv tau hais tias muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv tiag tiag. xav tau). Daim ntawv mus rau.
Kev ntsuam xyuas raug ua lub luag haujlwm hauv qhov no.Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem yuav pheej yig tab sis rhiab heev RF detectors thiab tshawb xyuas RF signals hauv lawv ib puag ncig, uas muaj ntau yam.Qee ntawm cov khoom siv no "nias" raws li lawv ntsuas xov tooj cua zaus pulses los ntawm cov khoom siv xws li Wi-Fi nkag mus, thiab yuav suab zoo li Geiger counter hauv nuclear reactor rau lub ntiaj teb no.scary. daim ntawv thov.
Xyoo tas los, British Medical Journal tau tshaj tawm kev hu xov tooj kom txwv 5G kev xa mus kom txog thaum kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis tau txiav txim siab.Koj xav li cas ntawm cov xov tooj no? tau tsuas yog hu rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv, tab sis tsawg kawg yog ib qho - Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Dutch - tau hu rau kev ncua ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm high-band 5G kom txog thaum muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev nyab xeeb ntau dua.Cov lus pom zoo no tau txais kev nyiam rau pej xeem (txawm tias HCN kuj xav tias nws tsis zoo li muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv).
Hauv nws tsab xov xwm, Frank sau hais tias, "Lub zog tshiab ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb hauv chav sim qhia txog [xov tooj cua zaus electromagnetic teb] kev puas tsuaj lom ntawm RF-EMF."
Qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem: muaj ntau txhiab RF kev tshawb fawb txog kev lom neeg hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntsiab lus kawg, qhov cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv, kev kawm zoo thiab qib kis tau zoo sib txawv.Feem ntau ntawm lawv tau tshaj tawm qee yam kev cuam tshuam, ntawm txhua zaus thiab txhua theem raug.Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees (tsis txaus dosimetry, tsis muaj qhov muag tsis pom, cov qauv me me, thiab lwm yam) thiab ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tsis sib haum nrog lwm tus. Cov ntaub ntawv.Frank yuav tsum vam khom los ntawm cov chaw saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv zoo dua.Cov no tau ua tsis tiav los nrhiav pov thawj tseeb ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm thaj chaw RF.
Frank tau yws txog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev sib tham txog "5G" - tab sis nws tau ua qhov yuam kev ib yam los ntawm kev tsis tau hais txog ntau zaus thaum xa mus rau 5G.Qhov tseeb, qis-band thiab nruab nrab-band 5G ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaus ze rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes tam sim no thiab tsis tshwm sim los nthuav tawm cov teeb meem tshiab tshwm sim.High-band 5G ua haujlwm qis dua ntawm mmW. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav ntawm cov teebmeem lom neeg hauv qhov ntau zaus, tab sis lub zog NW nyuam qhuav nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab cov koom haum saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis tau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog nws txoj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev sib kis.
Frank tsis tau qhia meej tias nws xav ua dab tsi ua ntej dov tawm "5G," txawm nws txhais li cas.Lub [FCC] xav kom cov neeg muaj ntawv tso cai ua raws li nws cov kev txwv tsis pub dhau, uas zoo ib yam li lwm lub teb chaws. Tsis muaj qhov ua ntej rau RF thev naus laus zis tshiab los ntsuas ncaj qha rau RF kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam ua ntej kev pom zoo, uas tej zaum yuav xav tau kev txwv tsis pub dhau ntawm FCC.
Rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxaws ntxaws ntawm 5G kev tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, saib [Ken] Karipidis 'kab lus, uas pom "tsis muaj pov thawj pom tseeb tias qis qis RF teb saum 6 GHz, xws li cov siv los ntawm 5G tes hauj lwm, muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tau sib xyaw, tab sis txog tam sim no, cov koom haum saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tau pom tsis muaj pov thawj tseeb ntawm kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm thaj chaw RF.Tab sis kom paub tseeb tias, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb ntawm mmWave cov teebmeem lom neeg tsawg, nrog ib ncig ntawm 100 cov kev tshawb fawb, thiab ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Tsoom fwv ua tau nyiaj ntau muag spectrum rau 5G kev sib txuas lus, thiab yuav tsum tau nqis peev ib co ntawm nws nyob rau hauv high-zoo kev tshawb fawb txog kev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog high-band 5G.Tus kheej, kuv muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau ntxiv txog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam ntawm ntau lub sij hawm tshuaj ntsuam rau me nyuam txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev ceev ntiag tug teeb meem.
Puas muaj txoj hauv kev txhim kho rau kev ua haujlwm dosimetry?Yog tias muaj, dab tsi yog qhov nthuav lossis cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws?
Foster: Tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej yog nyob rau hauv kev suav dosimetry nrog kev qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv (FDTD) cov txheej txheem thiab cov qauv ntawm lub cev raws li cov duab kho mob siab.Qhov no tso cai rau kev suav meej heev ntawm lub cev nqus ntawm RF lub zog los ntawm txhua qhov chaw.Computational dosimetry tau muab lub neej tshiab rau kev kho mob hyperthermia, kev kho mob thiab kev kho mob. txhim kho MRI imaging systems thiab ntau lwm yam kev kho mob technologies.
Michael Koziol yog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm IEEE Spectrum, suav nrog txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev sib txuas lus.Nws yog kawm tiav ntawm Seattle University nrog BA hauv Lus Askiv thiab Physics, thiab MA hauv Science Journalism los ntawm New York University.
Xyoo 1992, Asad M. Madni tau tuav lub luag haujlwm ntawm BEI Sensors thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas, saib xyuas cov khoom lag luam uas suav nrog ntau yam sensors thiab inertial navigation cov cuab yeej, tab sis muaj cov neeg siv khoom me me - feem ntau yog kev lag luam aerospace thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Kev Tsov Rog Txias tau xaus thiab kev lag luam tiv thaiv Asmeskas tau tawg.Thiab kev lag luam yuav tsis rov qab los sai sai.BEI xav tau kom ceev nrooj txheeb xyuas thiab nyiam cov neeg siv khoom tshiab.
Tau txais cov neeg siv khoom no yuav tsum tau ditching lub tuam txhab cov tshuab hluav taws xob inertial sensor hauv kev pom zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab quartz tsis muaj pov thawj, cov khoom siv quartz me me, thiab hloov cov chaw tsim khoom uas tsim ntau txhiab tus nqi sensors ib xyoos los tsim ntau lab pheej yig dua. manufacturers ntawm lub sensor.
Madni thawb nyuaj ua kom nws tshwm sim thiab ua tiav kev vam meej ntau dua li txhua tus neeg tuaj yeem xav txog rau GyroChip.Qhov no pheej yig inertial ntsuas sensor yog thawj ntawm nws qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv lub tsheb, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob (ESC) cov tshuab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv rollovers.As ESCs tau teeb tsa hauv txhua lub tsheb tshiab los ntawm 201 xyoo ntawm 20 xyoo. 7,000 nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas ib leeg, raws li National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Cov cuab yeej tseem nyob hauv plawv ntawm suav tsis txheeb coj mus muag thiab ntiav dav hlau, nrog rau kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg rau US missile guidance systems.Nws txawm mus rau Mars ua ib feem ntawm Pathfinder Sojourner rover.
Tam sim no lub luag hauj lwm: Distinguished Adjunct Professor ntawm UCLA; Retired Thawj Tswj Hwm, CEO thiab CTO ntawm BEI Technologies
Kev Kawm: 1968, RCA College; BS, 1969 thiab 1972, MS, UCLA, ob qho tib si hauv Hluav Taws Xob Engineering; Ph.D., California Coast University, 1987
Heroes: Feem ntau, kuv txiv tau qhia kuv txog kev kawm, ua neeg li cas, thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev hlub, kev khuv leej, thiab kev xav; hauv kev kos duab, Michelangelo; hauv kev tshawb fawb, Albert Einstein; hauv engineering In, Claude Shannon
Cov suab paj nruag nyiam: Hauv Western suab paj nruag, Beatles, Rolling Stones, Elvis; Eastern music, Ghazals
Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub koom haum: IEEE Life Fellow; US National Academy of Engineering; UK Royal Academy ntawm Engineering; Canadian Academy ntawm Engineering
Qhov khoom plig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: IEEE Medal of Honour: "Pioneering contributions rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev lag luam ntawm lub tshiab sensing thiab systems technologies, thiab zoo heev kev tshawb fawb thawj coj"; UCLA Alumni of the Year 2004
Madni tau txais 2022 IEEE Medal of Honour rau pioneering GyroChip, ntawm lwm qhov kev koom tes hauv kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev tshawb fawb thawj coj.
Engineering tsis yog Madni thawj txoj haujlwm xaiv.Nws xav ua tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj.Tab sis qhov xwm txheej nyiaj txiag ntawm nws tsev neeg hauv Mumbai, Is Nrias teb (tom qab ntawd Mumbai) hauv xyoo 1950 thiab 1960 tau hloov nws mus rau engineering-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hluav taws xob, ua tsaug rau nws qhov kev txaus siab rau qhov kev hloov tshiab tshiab tshaj plaws hauv lub hnab tshos transistor6 lub tebchaws United States, CA rau kev kawm hauv R.6. nyob rau hauv New York City, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1900s los cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm wireless thiab cov kws tshaj lij.
Madeney hais tias, "Kuv xav ua ib tus kws tshaj lij uas tuaj yeem tsim khoom," Madeney hais tias, "thiab ua tej yam uas yuav cuam tshuam rau tib neeg thaum kawg. Vim tias yog kuv tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tib neeg, kuv xav tias kuv txoj haujlwm yuav tsis ua tiav."
Madni nkag mus rau UCLA hauv 1969 nrog rau bachelor's degree hauv hluav taws xob engineering tom qab ob xyoos hauv Electronics Technology program ntawm RCA College.Nws tau mus kawm tus tswv thiab tus kws kho mob, siv cov teeb liab ua haujlwm thiab zaus domain reflectometry los tshuaj xyuas kev sib txuas lus rau nws txoj kev tshawb fawb thesis.Nyob hauv nws txoj kev tshawb fawb, nws kuj tau ua haujlwm hauv Pacific State kev tswj hwm, kev qhuab qhia ntawm University B. Cov khw muag khoom David Orgell, thiab ua tus engineer tsim lub computer peripherals ntawm Pertec.
Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1975, tau koom nrog tshiab thiab ntawm kev hais lus ntawm ib tus phooj ywg yav dhau los, nws tau thov rau txoj haujlwm hauv Systron Donner's microwave department.
Madni pib tsim lub ntiaj teb thawj spectrum analyzer nrog digital cia ntawm Systron Donner.Nws yeej tsis tau siv lub spectrum analyzer ua ntej-lawv tau kim heev thaum lub sijhawm-tab sis nws paub qhov kev xav zoo txaus los ntxias nws tus kheej kom ua haujlwm.
Qhov project tau siv ob xyoos thiab, raws li Madni, ua rau peb qhov tseem ceeb patents, pib nws "nce mus rau qhov loj dua thiab zoo dua." Nws kuj tau qhia nws txaus siab rau qhov sib txawv ntawm "nws txhais li cas kom muaj kev paub txog theoretical thiab kev lag luam thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem pab lwm tus," nws hais.
Peb kuj tuaj yeem kho cov rf passive Cheebtsam raws li koj xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nplooj ntawv customization los muab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb uas koj xav tau.
https://www.keenlion.com/customization/
Emali:
sales@keenlion.com
tom@keenlion.com
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-18-2022
